測驗時間 40 分鐘:第一部分中譯英(40%)、第二部分英文作文(60%)。本回是挑戰級:句子要更完整,論證要有層次。
請將下列的一段中文翻譯成通順、達意且前後連貫的英文。
每天早上,通勤族成群(flock)湧出車站、走進市區,彷彿在參加一場馬拉松。隨著汽油(petrol)價格不斷上漲,愈來愈多人依賴大眾運輸,而且用電子票卡付款只要一秒鐘。搭到市中心每趟大約三十元,比整天停車便宜得多。住得遠的人必須在日出前出門,往往到黃昏才回到家。在擁擠的火車上待了好幾個小時之後,這些上班族常累得沒力氣洗衣服,於是待洗的衣物越堆越多,房間也變得一團亂。要不是郊區的房租比較低,他們之中很少有人負擔得起靠近市區的住處。
目前 0 個英文字參考長度約 120–150 字
請依下面的提示寫一篇英文作文,長度約 170 至 200 字(10 至 14 個句子,可分兩段)。可以是一個完整的段落,也可以分段。(評分重點:內容、組織、文法、用字遣詞、標點符號、大小寫。)
請依照下面的英文開頭,接著寫完這個故事。你只需要寫後續的部分,不必抄寫開頭;故事的結尾要有一個轉折或反思。
Every morning, Tony caught the 7:15 train, and every morning he rushed through the station without looking at anyone.
On that Monday, however, something made him stop.
目前 0 個英文字範文約 165–205 字(考試要求約 180 字)
批改花的是你自己的 AI 額度。建議在老師或家長陪同下使用;AI 給的分數只是練習用的估計,不是官方分數。
Every morning, workers flock out of the station and head into the city, as if taking part in a marathon. As petrol prices keep rising, more and more people rely on public transport, and payment with a smart card takes only a second. A ride to the city center costs about thirty dollars per trip, which is much cheaper than parking a car all day. Those who live far away must leave home before sunrise and often return only at dusk. Having spent hours on crowded trains, these workers are often too tired to wash their clothes, so the laundry piles up and the room turns into a mess. Were it not for the lower rent in the suburbs, few of them could afford a home near the city.
每天早上,通勤族成群(flock)湧出車站、走進市區,彷彿在參加一場馬拉松。
Every morning, workers flock out of the station and head into the city, as if taking part in a marathon.
flock 本來是名詞,指鳥群、羊群;當動詞時是「成群結隊地前往或聚集」,flock out of the station 是「成群湧出車站」。主詞 workers 是複數,所以 flock 與 head 都用原形。as if taking part in… 是 as if they were taking part in… 的簡化,表示「彷彿」。take part in 是「參加」。
隨著汽油(petrol)價格不斷上漲,愈來愈多人依賴大眾運輸,而且用電子票卡付款只要一秒鐘。
As petrol prices keep rising, more and more people rely on public transport, and payment with a smart card takes only a second.
As 在這裡表示「隨著」,指兩件事同時變化。keep + V-ing 是「不斷…」。petrol 是英式「汽油」,美式說 gas 或 gasoline。rely on 是「依賴」,on 不能漏。more and more + 複數名詞表示「愈來愈多」。payment with a smart card 當主詞,是單數,所以動詞用 takes。
搭到市中心每趟大約三十元,比整天停車便宜得多。
A ride to the city center costs about thirty dollars per trip, which is much cheaper than parking a car all day.
per trip 是「每一趟」,per 後面直接接單數名詞,不加冠詞。which 引導非限定關係子句,補充說明前面整件事,前面要加逗號。much 用來加強比較級(much cheaper)。than 後面接動名詞片語 parking a car all day,拿「搭乘」與「停車」的花費來比較。
住得遠的人必須在日出前出門,往往到黃昏才回到家。
Those who live far away must leave home before sunrise and often return only at dusk.
Those who… 是「…的人」,those 當代名詞指人,後面的動詞用複數(live)。before sunrise 是「日出前」。only at dusk 是「直到黃昏才」,only 放在副詞片語前面加強語氣;dusk 指日落後天色漸暗的時候。must 後面接原形動詞 leave,and 後面 often return 也共用 must。
在擁擠的火車上待了好幾個小時之後,這些上班族常累得沒力氣洗衣服,於是待洗的衣物越堆越多,房間也變得一團亂。
Having spent hours on crowded trains, these workers are often too tired to wash their clothes, so the laundry piles up and the room turns into a mess.
Having spent… 是完成式分詞構句,表示「已經花了…之後」,動作比主要子句早發生;主詞同為 these workers 才能省略。spend hours on… 是「花好幾個小時在…」。too tired to + 原形動詞是「累得無法…」。laundry 是不可數名詞,所以動詞用 piles(單數)。pile up 是「堆積」,turn into 是「變成」,a mess 是「一團亂」。
要不是郊區的房租比較低,他們之中很少有人負擔得起靠近市區的住處。
Were it not for the lower rent in the suburbs, few of them could afford a home near the city.
Were it not for… 是省略 if 的倒裝,等於 If it were not for…,表示與現在事實相反的假設,主要子句用 could + 原形動詞。few 帶有否定意味,表示「幾乎沒有」,不要再加 not。afford 是「負擔得起」,常搭配 can/could。the suburbs 是「郊區」,通常用複數。
At the ticket barrier stood a girl, hugging a canvas bag and crying. Tony glanced at the clock, which told him his train would leave in two minutes. After a moment of hesitation, however, it was his conscience that made him ask where her mother was. Scarcely had he spoken when her sobs ceased, and she whispered that she was lost. They searched the foggy platform until a woman ran up and hugged her daughter. The girl waved farewell, and Tony immediately hurried back, but his train had already left.
He arrived forty minutes late, expecting a dreadful scolding. No reward came, and no scolding either. He should have felt upset, yet something had changed. For ten years he had relied on his routine so completely that the city had become nothing but doors and clocks. That evening, looking out of the window at the glorious light on the river, he saw faces he had never noticed. He wished he had looked up sooner. The next morning he left earlier, determined to rid himself of the habit of rushing. Only by slowing down did he discover what the city offered: not a race to be won, but a place to be shared.
售票閘門旁站著一個女孩,抱著一個帆布袋,哭著。Tony 瞥了一眼時鐘,時鐘告訴他,他的火車兩分鐘後就要開了。然而,猶豫了一會兒之後,是他的良心促使他開口問她媽媽在哪裡。他才剛開口,她的啜泣就停了,並小聲說她迷路了。他們在起霧的月台上尋找,直到一位女士跑過來,緊緊抱住她的女兒。小女孩揮手道別,Tony 立刻趕了回去,但他的火車早已開走。
他遲到了四十分鐘,預期會挨一頓很慘的責罵。沒有任何回報,也沒有人責罵。他本來應該覺得沮喪,但有些東西已經改變了。十年來,他太過依賴自己的例行公事,以致這座城市只剩下一扇扇的門和一座座的時鐘。那天傍晚,他望著窗外河面上燦爛的光,看見了一張張他從未注意過的臉孔。他希望自己能早點抬起頭來。隔天早上,他提早出門,決心擺脫匆忙趕路的習慣。唯有放慢腳步,他才發現這座城市所提供的東西:不是一場要贏的競賽,而是一個要共享的地方。
本題屬於「完成故事型」,需接續給定的開頭(Tony 每天趕車、這天卻停下來),寫出事件經過、結果與結尾的轉折或反思。第一段:用「事件」推進——發現小女孩、猶豫、詢問、找到母親、錯過火車;以時間順序句子鋪陳,用 however、until、but 控制節奏,並以強調句 it was his conscience that… 點出他停下來的真正原因。第二段:先寫出人意料的結果(沒有獎賞也沒有責罵),並用 should have felt 點出「本來該沮喪、事實上卻不然」的落差,再用過去完成式回顧十年的生活方式;傍晚用 wished he had looked up 表達對過去的遺憾;最後一句把故事收束為反思:城市不是競賽,而是共享的地方,與開頭「趕路、不看任何人」的形象形成鮮明對比。全文用過去式敘述,回溯較早的事用過去完成式,時態轉換要清楚。
At the ticket barrier stood a girl
地點副詞片語放在句首時,可以把動詞提到主詞前面(stood a girl),這是敘事文常見的「完全倒裝」,用來帶出新登場的人物或場景,畫面感強。要注意只有 stand、sit、come 等不及物動詞適合這樣用。
Under the tree sat an old man reading a newspaper.
樹下坐著一位老先生,正在看報紙。
hugging a canvas bag and crying
hugging 與 crying 是現在分詞片語,補充說明小女孩當時的動作與狀態,等於 who was hugging… and crying…。用分詞可以省下 and 與主詞,讓句子更簡潔、更有畫面。
A boy stood at the door, holding a red umbrella and shivering.
一個男孩站在門口,拿著一把紅傘,不停發抖。
Tony glanced at the clock, which told him his train would leave in two minutes
非限定關係代名詞 which 指前面的 the clock,補充說明時鐘告訴了他什麼,前面要加逗號。其後的 his train would leave 是間接敘述,在過去式的敘事中,will 要改成 would。
She looked at her watch, which showed that it was already nine.
她看了看手錶,錶上顯示已經九點了。
Scarcely had he spoken when her sobs ceased
Scarcely 放在句首時,後面要倒裝,且前一個動作用過去完成式(had he spoken),後一個動作用過去式,用 when 連接,表示「一…就…」。這個句型能讓兩個動作緊接發生的感覺很強。
Scarcely had she sat down when the phone rang.
她才剛坐下,電話就響了。
his train had already left
用過去完成式 had left 表示「在過去某個時間點之前就已經發生」的動作:Tony 趕回去時,火車早已開走。already 加強「早就」的意味。敘事文裡過去式交代主線,過去完成式交代更早的事。
When we arrived, the movie had already started.
我們到的時候,電影已經開演了。
he had relied on his routine so completely that the city had become nothing but doors and clocks
so + 副詞 + that 子句,表示「…到…的程度」。這裡的 so completely 說明依賴程度,that 子句交代結果。兩個動詞都用過去完成式,因為說的是比「那天傍晚」更早的十年間。
She was so tired that she fell asleep at once.
她累到馬上就睡著了。
looking out of the window at the glorious light on the river
looking 是現在分詞構句,等於 While he was looking…,與主要子句同主詞 he,表示同時發生的動作。分詞構句放在句首、用逗號隔開,能讓一個畫面和一個發現同時出現。
Walking along the beach, I found a beautiful shell.
沿著海灘走時,我發現了一個漂亮的貝殼。
Only by slowing down did he discover what the city offered
Only by + V-ing 放在句首表示「唯有藉由…」,後面的主要子句要倒裝(did he discover,did 已帶過去式,所以動詞用原形)。what the city offered 是名詞子句,作 discover 的受詞。這種句型常用在故事結尾,點出主角的領悟。
Only by working hard can you reach your goal.
唯有努力,你才能達成目標。
it was his conscience that made him ask where her mother was
強調句型 It is/was + 被強調的部分 + that…。原句是 His conscience made him ask…,把主詞 his conscience 放進 It was…that 之間加以強調,暗示「讓他停下來的不是時鐘,而是良心」,與前一句看時鐘形成對比。made him ask 是「使役動詞 make + 受詞 + 原形動詞」,ask 不加 to。where her mother was 是名詞子句,作 ask 的受詞,用肯定語序。
It was her smile that made me feel welcome.
是她的笑容讓我覺得受到歡迎。
He should have felt upset
should have + 過去分詞表示「本來應該…(但事實上沒有)」,是對過去事實的評論,帶有「照理說」的意味。這裡說 Tony 照理會覺得沮喪,後面的 yet something had changed 才點出事實相反,形成轉折。注意 should have 後面接過去分詞(felt),不能寫成 should have feel。
You should have told me the truth earlier.
你早該把實話告訴我的。
He wished he had looked up sooner
wish + 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)表示「真希望當初…」,是對過去事實的遺憾:事實上他以前沒有早點抬起頭。這裡主要動詞 wished 用過去式,所以後面的假設再往前退一格,用過去完成式。look up 是「抬頭看」。
She wished she had studied harder for the test.
她真希望當初為了那場考試更用功一點。
not a race to be won, but a place to be shared
not A but B 表示「不是 A,而是 B」,A、B 結構要對稱:都是「名詞 + 被動不定詞」(a race to be won/a place to be shared),讀起來整齊有力,也讓結尾的反思更有份量。
Life is not a problem to be solved but a gift to be enjoyed.
人生不是一個要解決的問題,而是一份要享受的禮物。
| 單字 | 本回用法 |
|---|---|
| flock | workers flock out of the station 上班族成群湧出車站(v.);a flock of birds/sheep 一群鳥/羊(n.) |
| marathon | take part in a marathon 參加馬拉松;marathon 也可比喻「持久而辛苦的事」,如 a marathon meeting 馬拉松式會議 |
| petrol | petrol prices 汽油價格;petrol 是英式用語,美式說 gas/gasoline |
| rely | rely on public transport 依賴大眾運輸;rely on sb to + V 指望某人做… |
| payment | payment with a smart card 用電子票卡付款;make a payment 付款 |
| per | thirty dollars per trip 每趟三十元;per 後面接單數名詞,不加冠詞 |
| dusk | return at dusk 黃昏時回到家;from dawn to dusk 從早到晚 |
| laundry | the laundry piles up 待洗的衣物越堆越多;do the laundry 洗衣服(不可數名詞) |
| mess | turn into a mess 變成一團亂;make a mess 搞得一團亂 |
| barrier | the ticket barrier 驗票閘門;barrier 也可比喻「障礙」,如 a language barrier 語言障礙 |
| canvas | a canvas bag 帆布袋(canvas 在這裡是名詞,指帆布,放在 bag 前面當修飾語);canvas 也可指油畫用的畫布 |
| glance | glance at the clock 瞥一眼時鐘(v.);at a glance 一眼就…(n.) |
| hesitation | after a moment of hesitation 猶豫了一會兒之後;without hesitation 毫不猶豫地 |
| scarcely | Scarcely had he spoken when… 他才剛開口就…;scarcely 帶有否定意味,意思是「幾乎不」 |
| cease | her sobs ceased 她的啜泣停了(v.,不及物);cease 比 stop 更正式 |
| foggy | the foggy platform 起霧的月台;a foggy morning 起霧的早晨 |
| farewell | wave farewell 揮手道別(n.);farewell party 歡送會 |
| immediately | immediately hurried back 立刻趕回去(adv.);immediately 也可當連接詞,如 Immediately he arrived… 他一到… |
| dreadful | a dreadful scolding 很慘的責罵;a dreadful accident 可怕的意外 |
| reward | no reward came 沒有任何回報(n.);reward 也可當動詞「獎賞」 |
| glorious | the glorious light 燦爛的光;a glorious day 美好的一天 |
| rid | rid himself of the habit 讓自己擺脫那個習慣;get rid of 擺脫、除掉 |
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