測驗時間 40 分鐘:第一部分中譯英(40%)、第二部分英文作文(60%)。本回是挑戰級:句子要更完整,論證要有層次。
請將下列的一段中文翻譯成通順、達意且前後連貫的英文。
我叔叔在成為駐外記者之前,曾經是電視新聞主播,現在則每週替一份知名的商業期刊撰寫專欄。上週,他來我們學校演講,並在開場時宣布,這場演講將由地方電視台轉播(televise)。他說,從前報紙的發行量決定了它的影響力,如今一則網路貼文卻能在一夜之間傳遍(circulate)全世界。他警告我們,在社群媒體上,錯誤傳得和消息一樣快,所以轉傳任何新聞快報之前,都該先查證事實。隔天早上,校內電台的播音員宣布了一項消息:作文比賽的截止日期獲得了一週的展延。我們完全沒料到,一場演講竟會讓我們學到這麼多關於媒體的事。
目前 0 個英文字參考長度約 120–150 字
請依下面的提示寫一篇英文作文,長度約 170 至 200 字(10 至 14 個句子,可分兩段)。可以是一個完整的段落,也可以分段。(評分重點:內容、組織、文法、用字遣詞、標點符號、大小寫。)
許多青少年每天花好幾個小時使用社群媒體。請寫一篇文章:
目前 0 個英文字範文約 165–205 字(考試要求約 180 字)
批改花的是你自己的 AI 額度。建議在老師或家長陪同下使用;AI 給的分數只是練習用的估計,不是官方分數。
Before becoming a foreign correspondent, my uncle used to be a newscaster, and he now writes a weekly column for a well-known business journal. Last week, he gave a talk at our school and announced at the start that it would be televised by a local station. He said that a newspaper's influence used to depend on its circulation, while an online post can now circulate around the world overnight. He warned us that errors travel as fast as news on social media, so we should check the facts before passing on any news bulletin. The next morning, the announcer at our school radio station made an announcement that the deadline for the writing contest had been given a one-week extension. Little did we expect that one talk would teach us so much about the media.
我叔叔在成為駐外記者之前,曾經是電視新聞主播,現在則每週替一份知名的商業期刊撰寫專欄。
Before becoming a foreign correspondent, my uncle used to be a newscaster, and he now writes a weekly column for a well-known business journal.
Before becoming … 是「連接詞 + 動名詞」,前後主詞相同(my uncle)時可以省略子句主詞。used to + 原形表示「過去經常、現在已不是」。newscaster 指電視新聞主播,correspondent 是「(駐外)記者、特派員」。column 在本句是報章雜誌的「專欄」,也可指「圓柱」。journal 是「期刊」,比 magazine 更專業。 well-known 是複合形容詞,修飾 business journal,中間要有連字號。
上週,他來我們學校演講,並在開場時宣布,這場演講將由地方電視台轉播(televise)。
Last week, he gave a talk at our school and announced at the start that it would be televised by a local station.
give a talk 是「演講」。announced that … 是間接敘述,that 引導名詞子句;因為 announced 是過去式,子句裡用 would be(will 的過去式)。would be televised 是被動語態,「將被轉播」,因為演講不能自己轉播,所以不用主動。televise 是動詞「用電視播出」。
他說,從前報紙的發行量決定了它的影響力,如今一則網路貼文卻能在一夜之間傳遍(circulate)全世界。
He said that a newspaper's influence used to depend on its circulation, while an online post can now circulate around the world overnight.
used to + 原形表示過去的情況,與 now 形成對比。circulation 在這裡是「(報紙的)發行量」,也可指「循環、流通」。while 在此表示對比(「卻、而」)。circulate 是動詞「傳播、流通」。注意 its 表示「它的」,不加撇號;a newspaper's 的撇號 s 表示所有格。
他警告我們,在社群媒體上,錯誤傳得和消息一樣快,所以轉傳任何新聞快報之前,都該先查證事實。
He warned us that errors travel as fast as news on social media, so we should check the facts before passing on any news bulletin.
as + 形容詞/副詞 + as 是「和…一樣」,這裡 fast 是副詞,修飾 travel。news 是不可數名詞,雖然字尾有 s,卻不加複數。media 是 medium 的複數形,social media 當集合名詞使用。pass on 是「轉傳」。bulletin 指「(新聞)快報、公告」,news bulletin 是「新聞快報」。so 引導結果,前面加逗號。
隔天早上,校內電台的播音員宣布了一項消息:作文比賽的截止日期獲得了一週的展延。
The next morning, the announcer at our school radio station made an announcement that the deadline for the writing contest had been given a one-week extension.
announcer 是「播音員」,announce 是動詞,announcement 是名詞;make an announcement 是「發布一項公告」。that 在這裡引導同位語子句,說明 announcement 的內容。had been given 是過去完成式被動:公告發布時,展延早已核定。one-week 當形容詞用時,week 不加 s(a one-week extension)。extension 在這裡是「(期限的)延長、展延」。
我們完全沒料到,一場演講竟會讓我們學到這麼多關於媒體的事。
Little did we expect that one talk would teach us so much about the media.
Little 放在句首表示否定意味(「根本沒有…」),主要子句要倒裝:助動詞 did 放在主詞 we 前面,動詞回到原形 expect。that 引導名詞子句,作 expect 的受詞;子句中用 would 表示「過去的未來」。the media 是「媒體」,視為集合名詞。
Ask any teenager how long they spend online, and the answer will surprise their parents. One cause is that social media apps are built to keep people browsing. Drawn in by endless feeds and constant alerts, teenagers let even a short break turn into an hour before they notice. Another cause is the fear of being left out. When friends are chatting and making plans online, a student who stays away feels as if the whole world were moving on without him. As a result, the longer teenagers stay online, the less they sleep, study and talk with their families.
Fortunately, the problem can be solved if families and schools work together. At home, a rule such as 'no phones at dinner' is hard to enforce, so it is essential that every parent follow it too. Schools could organize clubs for music or sports, so that students have more interesting things to do than browse. Teenagers can help by turning off alerts, because it is often the buzz of an alert, not real interest, that pulls people back to the screen. Should these steps be taken, young people would find that the time they save is worth far more than any 'like' they might receive.
問問任何一個青少年花多久時間上網,答案會讓他們的父母吃驚。原因之一是,社群媒體 App 被設計成讓人一直瀏覽下去。被無止盡的動態消息和不斷跳出的提醒吸引進去,青少年會讓一次短暫的休息也變成一個小時,自己卻還沒察覺。另一個原因是害怕被排除在外。當朋友們在網路上聊天、約定計畫時,遠離螢幕的學生會覺得整個世界好像都在把他拋在後頭。結果,青少年上網越久,睡眠就越少、讀書越少,和家人說的話也越少。
所幸,只要家庭和學校合作,這個問題是可以解決的。在家裡,「吃飯時不使用手機」這類規則很難執行,所以每一位家長也務必一起遵守。學校可以辦音樂或運動社團,讓學生有比瀏覽手機更有趣的事可做。青少年也可以關掉提醒來幫助自己,因為把人拉回螢幕前的,常常是提醒的震動聲,而不是真正的興趣。如果採取這些做法,年輕人會發現,他們省下來的時間遠比任何可能收到的「讚」更有價值。
本題屬於「因果+對策型」作文,必須先分析原因(和影響),再提出具體的建議,兩部分要互相對應。第一段:用一個祈使句開場,直接點出現象;再用 One cause 和 Another cause 分別帶出兩個原因(App 的設計、害怕被排除),其中第一個原因用句首的過去分詞構句(Drawn in by…)描寫人被吸進去的過程,第二個原因則補上具體情境(朋友在線上聊天、約定計畫);最後用 As a result 搭配「越…,越…」的比較級對應句說明影響,讓第一段在「問題」上收尾。第二段:用 Fortunately 轉向解決方案;提出家庭(規則,並用 it is essential that + 原形動詞 強調家長也要做到)、學校(社團)、個人(關閉通知,並用強調句點出真正的原因)三個層次的對策,其中每一項都呼應前面的原因,最後用假設語氣的 Should 句型描繪成效。注意段落之間結構對稱:第一段談原因,第二段談對策,沒有重複同一個連接詞。
social media apps are built to keep people browsing
be built to + V 是被動語態加不定詞,表示「被設計成用來…」,把焦點放在 apps 本身,而不是設計者。keep + 受詞 + V-ing 是「讓…持續做…」。
These shoes are made to last for years.
這些鞋子被做成可以穿好幾年。
a student who stays away
who 引導限定關係子句,說明是哪一種學生(遠離螢幕的),不加逗號。先行詞 a student 是單數,所以動詞用 stays。
I know a girl who speaks four languages.
我認識一個會說四種語言的女孩。
feels as if the whole world were moving on without him
as if 後面接與事實不符的假設,動詞用過去式(be 動詞在正式寫作中習慣用 were)。意思是「好像…一樣」,但事實上世界並沒有真的把他拋下,只是他的感覺。主要動詞 feels 用現在式。
He talks as if he knew everything.
他說起話來好像什麼都知道。
As a result, the longer teenagers stay online
As a result 是承接前面原因的結果連接詞,放在句首,後面加逗號,把前面兩個原因收束成一個影響。後面緊接著「越…,越…」的句型,讓結果讀起來更有力。
It rained all day. As a result, the match was cancelled.
整天下雨,因此比賽取消了。
the longer teenagers stay online, the less they sleep, study and talk with their families
The + 比較級 + S + V, the + 比較級 + S + V,表示「越…,就越…」;兩個比較級(longer、less)都要放在子句句首。後半句的 the less 後面接三個平行的動詞 sleep, study and talk,共用同一個 less,簡潔又有節奏。
The more you read, the more you know.
你讀得越多,知道得就越多。
Drawn in by endless feeds and constant alerts, teenagers let even a short break turn into an hour before they notice
Drawn in by… 是過去分詞構句,由 Because they are drawn in by… 簡化而來;分詞意義是被動(被吸進去),所以用過去分詞。分詞的邏輯主詞必須和主要子句的主詞相同,這裡都是 many teenagers。let + 受詞 + 原形動詞(turn)是「讓…變成…」。
Surprised by the noise, the baby began to cry.
被噪音嚇到,嬰兒哭了起來。
it is essential that every parent follow it too
在 essential、vital、important 等表示「必要」的形容詞後,that 子句的動詞用原形(或 should + 原形),不隨主詞變化,所以是 every parent follow,而不是 follows。這是正式寫作表示建議或要求的假設語氣。
It is vital that every student arrive on time.
每位學生都務必準時到達,這一點非常重要。
Fortunately, the problem can be solved if families and schools work together
Fortunately 是句首副詞,用來轉折,從問題轉向解決方案。can be solved 是情態助動詞加被動;if 子句用現在式(work)表示未來的條件。
Fortunately, no one was hurt in the accident.
幸好沒有人在意外中受傷。
Schools could organize clubs for music or sports, so that students have more interesting things to do than browse
so that + S + V 表示目的,「為了讓…」。這裡 so that 後面用現在式 have,因為主要子句的 could 表示現在的建議。more … than browse 是比較結構,than 後面接原形動詞,和前面的 do 平行。
I wrote it down so that I would not forget.
我把它寫下來,這樣才不會忘記。
it is often the buzz of an alert, not real interest, that pulls people back to the screen
強調句 it is + 被強調的部分 + that…,強調真正把人拉回螢幕的是「提醒的震動聲」,並用 not real interest 排除另一種可能。這個句型能讓你的分析顯得更有洞察力。
It was my mother, not my father, who taught me to cook.
教我做菜的是我媽媽,不是我爸爸。
Should these steps be taken, young people would find that the time they save is worth far more than any 'like' they might receive
Should + S + 原形(被動則為 Should + S + be + 過去分詞)等於 If these steps should be taken…,把 If 省略,語氣更正式。the time they save 是省略關係代名詞 that 的限定關係子句。worth far more than … 是「遠比…更有價值」,far 用來加強比較。
Should it rain tomorrow, the picnic will be moved indoors.
萬一明天下雨,野餐會改到室內。
He warned us that errors travel as fast as news on social media
as + 副詞 + as 表示兩者程度相同:錯誤和消息傳得一樣快。注意 as 的位置:第一個 as 在副詞前,第二個 as 在比較對象前。
She runs as fast as her brother.
她跑得和她哥哥一樣快。
Little did we expect that one talk would teach us so much about the media
Little 放在句首表示強烈否定(「完全沒料到」),主要子句要倒裝:did + 主詞 + 原形動詞。這個句型常用來描寫「事情的結果出乎意料」。
Little did she know that the letter would change her life.
她完全不知道那封信會改變她的一生。
| 單字 | 本回用法 |
|---|---|
| announce | announce a winner 宣布得獎者;announce that … 宣布… |
| announcement | make an announcement 發布公告;an announcement on the radio 電台的廣播通知 |
| announcer | a radio announcer 電台播音員;a stadium announcer 球場廣播員 |
| bulletin | a news bulletin 新聞快報;a bulletin board 公布欄 |
| circulate | circulate around the world 在全世界流傳;The rumor circulated quickly. 謠言迅速流傳(v.) |
| circulation | a newspaper's circulation 報紙的發行量;blood circulation 血液循環(不同意思) |
| column | a weekly column 每週專欄;a stone column 石柱(不同意思) |
| correspondent | a foreign correspondent 駐外記者;a war correspondent 戰地記者 |
| extension | an extension of the deadline 期限的展延;an extension 也可指電話分機或延伸部分 |
| journal | a business journal 商業期刊;keep a journal 寫日記(不同意思) |
| media | social media 社群媒體;the media 大眾媒體(media 是 medium 的複數形,可視為集合名詞) |
| newscaster | a TV newscaster 電視新聞主播 |
| post | an online post 網路貼文(n.);post a photo 發佈照片(v.);post 也可指郵件或職位 |
| televise | be televised live 電視直播;The match will be televised. 比賽將會電視轉播(v.) |
| even | even a short break 就連短暫的休息也…(adv.,加強語氣);even if 即使 |
| enforce | enforce a rule 執行規定;hard to enforce 很難執行 |
| well-known | a well-known journal 知名的期刊;well-known 要加連字號 |
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